Magento 2, out of the box comes with promotions tools allowing you to offer discounts to buyers on certain products.

You can use Magento 2 promotions tool to run a promo in your store that will trigger discounts based on a variety of conditions.

Magento 2 promotions tools come with two types of promotions: Catalog Price Rules, and Cart Price Rules

A rule is a group of one or more conditions that apply changes in prices to products when one or all are met.
Each rule can have several conditions, applying when all or any statements are true or false.

You can create simple or complex rules to fit your business requirement, seasonal discounts, and year-long opportunities

A condition is a statement that defines the list of products and cases for applying the rule. The condition has attributes and options that differ between the types of rules available. When a condition in the rule is met the discounts are triggered.

Catalog Price Rules

Magento 2 Catalog Prices Rules allow store owners to offer shopper discounts on products at the product page, without the use of discount codes, and when one or more conditions set to the rule are met.

Magento 2 catalog price rule is automatically triggered on the product page.

In the backend, you can create conditions based on attributes, attribute sets, comparison functions. For example, you may create four catalog price rules to apply discounts for children’s bags and men’s/women’s bags based on the category.

In the example below, the catalog price discount is automatically applied on the product page. The original price of the bag is $34. The percentage discount applied to it is 20%  ($6.80). The discounted price of the bag is $27.20.

Rule frontend view

Cart Price Rules

Magento 2 Cart Prices Rules allow store owners to offer shopper discounts on products at the shopping cart or checkout page, with or without the use of discount codes, and when one or more conditions set to the rule are met.

In cart price rules, conditions can be based on any category that is a child of the root categories. Price rules are set up in advance and take effect whenever the required conditions are met.

Cart price rules use attributes, such as product attribute combination (eg. matching an SKU in the cart using product attributes), product subselection (eg. the total quantity matching conditions), condition combinations ( complicated rules), and cart attributes (eg. subtotal)

With cart price rule promo, you can send your best customers a coupon for a discount on a particular product,
schedule a promo for a period of time, offer free shipping for purchases over a certain amount.

Example of specific discount code H20 (from cart price rule) applied in the shopping cart page:

Rule frontend view

Catalog Price vs Cart Price Rules

Magento 2 Catalog Price Rule is automatically applied in category and product level when one or all conditions set in the rule are met.

Magento 2 Cart Price Rule is applied automatically or via discount code at the shopping cart and checkout levels, when one or all conditions set in the rule are met.

Conclusion

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